Living with Panic Attacks: Recognizing Symptoms and Seeking Support

As someone who has experienced the overwhelming grip of panic attacks, I know firsthand just how terrifying they can be. For me, they often strike when I’m in a crowded space or confined to a small area, like being stuck in the middle seat on an airplane. It begins with a rush of heat, followed by shortness of breath, and within moments, I’m sweating, and my heart is racing so fast that I feel like I have to escape or scream.

Panic attacks are sudden, overwhelming feelings of fear and anxiety that can strike unexpectedly, sometimes without any apparent cause. They can be terrifying and often leave those who experience them feeling helpless and confused. Whether you're personally affected by panic attacks or know someone who is, understanding the symptoms, causes, and available resources can be incredibly empowering.

What Are Panic Attacks?

A panic attack can occur at any time, whether during a stressful situation or seemingly out of the blue. They are marked by intense physical and emotional symptoms that typically peak within 10 minutes. However, the impact can feel much longer, leaving a person shaken even after the immediate symptoms fade.

Common Symptoms of Panic Attacks

During a panic attack, individuals may experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms. Not everyone will feel every symptom, but the most common include:

• Chest pain or tightness
• Racing heart (palpitations)
• Sweating or chills
• Trembling or shaking
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Nausea or stomach discomfort
• Numbness or tingling sensations
• A sense of impending doom or danger
• A feeling of being detached from reality (depersonalization)

While some symptoms, like chest pain or shortness of breath, can mimic those of a heart attack, panic attacks are not life-threatening. However, the experience is deeply uncomfortable and often frightening.

What Causes Panic Attacks?

The exact causes of panic attacks are not fully understood, but several factors can contribute to their occurrence:

• Stress and anxiety: Stressful life events such as the loss of a loved one, divorce, or significant life changes can trigger panic attacks.
• Genetics: There may be a hereditary component, meaning if someone in your family has panic attacks or panic disorder, you may be more likely to experience them.
• Mental health conditions: People with anxiety disorders, depression, or other mental health conditions may be more prone to panic attacks.
• Physical health issues: Some medical conditions, such as thyroid problems or heart issues, can cause symptoms similar to panic attacks. It’s always important to rule out any underlying medical causes with a healthcare provider.

Panic Disorder: When Panic Attacks Become a Pattern

Experiencing one or two panic attacks in your lifetime doesn’t necessarily mean you have a panic disorder. However, if panic attacks are frequent and come without warning, this could indicate a more severe condition known as panic disorder.

People with panic disorder often live in fear of having another panic attack, which can lead to avoidance behaviors. For example, they may stop going to places or doing activities that they associate with previous panic attacks, such as driving, going to work, or being in crowded spaces. This avoidance can severely impact a person’s quality of life.

According to the American Psychological Association (APA), a diagnosis of panic disorder is typically made when a person experiences frequent, unexpected panic attacks and has an intense worry about future attacks. The Mayo Clinic further explains that this fear often leads to significant changes in behavior or even avoidance of certain places or situations.

Treatment Options for Panic Attacks and Panic Disorder

The good news is that panic attacks and panic disorder are treatable. Several approaches can help manage and reduce the frequency of panic attacks:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is one of the most effective therapies for panic attacks and panic disorder. It helps individuals identify and challenge irrational fears and beliefs that contribute to their anxiety.
• Exposure therapy: This type of therapy involves gradually exposing a person to the situations or activities they fear, allowing them to develop coping mechanisms and reduce their anxiety over time.
• Medications: Antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, and beta-blockers can all be used to manage panic attacks. A healthcare provider will be able to determine if medication is appropriate.
• Lifestyle changes: Regular exercise, practicing mindfulness or relaxation techniques, and maintaining a healthy diet can help reduce stress and anxiety, lowering the likelihood of panic attacks.

For anyone experiencing recurring panic attacks or living in fear of them, seeking professional help is essential. Mental health professionals can guide treatment and offer coping strategies that make a significant difference.

Where to Find Help

If you or someone you love is struggling with panic attacks or panic disorder, you don't have to go through it alone. There are several reputable organizations that provide valuable resources, support, and information on managing panic attacks:

• Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA): This organization offers resources for understanding and managing anxiety and depression, including panic attacks and panic disorder. https://adaa.org/
• Mental Health America (MHA): MHA provides a wide range of mental health information, support groups, and community resources to help individuals cope with panic attacks. https://mhanational.org/
• National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI): NAMI offers support and education for those affected by mental health conditions, including panic disorder. They also have helplines and support groups available. https://www.nami.org/

Final Thoughts

Panic attacks can be overwhelming, but with the right tools and support, it's possible to regain control over your life. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatments available can help those affected feel more empowered to seek help and manage their condition. If you or someone you know is experiencing frequent panic attacks, don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional for advice and support.

micky@hcnews.com